![]() (1.11 × Concomitant Cardiac Disease)+(-0.18 × Low Height Climbed at Preoperative Stair Climbing Test)* Prediction Models for Cardiotoxicity after Surgery Prediction Model for Cardiotoxicity after Immunotherapy Prediction Models for Cardiotoxicity after (Chemo-)Radiotherapy The aims of this review are to: 1) summarize available prediction models for cardiac events after different treatment modalities in NSCLC patients, 2) appraise the prediction models from both methodological and clinical perspectives, and 3) discuss possible future directions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to provide a broader overview. Finally, quantitative meta-analysis of the ML models can be helpful to verify consensus on the most relevant prognostic factors.ĭespite numerous studies investigating clinical prediction models for treatment-related cardiac toxicities, previous reviews have focused on either specific treatment modalities, or exclusively the predictive power of the dosimetric parameters. Accurate and precise ML models can fulfil their potential to become decision support tools for a better evaluation of treatment side effects and radically change clinical guidelines in NSCLC patients. ML augments our brain capacity to process multi-source high dimensional data. Machine learning (ML) binds statistical inferring to computer science to automatically learn unknown patterns in data and provide new knowledge on a specific problem. ![]() We hypothesize that data-driven risk stratification models that identify patients at high risk of developing cardiac sequalae can be used as decision support tools by clinicians for tailoring treatment strategy. ![]() The pathophysiology of cardiac toxicity is characterized by diverse etiological factors: presence of comorbidities prior to treatment, tumor-related variables, and treatment-related parameters. Short-term toxicities usually have a recovery period within weeks to months, but late events are considered irreversible and they determine cardiac function loss over time. It encompasses many cardiological symptoms and adverse events: chest pain, arrhythmias, pericardial effusion, myocardial dysfunction, ischemic heart diseases, and lastly heart failure. The possibility to choose among multiple combinations of treatment modalities demands for an accurate quantification of treatment efficacy vs treatment side effects (toxicities) in an individual patient.Ĭardiac toxicity is one of the most undesirable treatment-induced side effects for NSCLC patients. All of these therapies have their own efficacy and toxicity profile which are also very patient specific. Finally, immunotherapy enables the immune system to control the cancer. video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) have improved post-operative fitness. Minimally invasive resection techniques (e.g. For example, proton therapy delivers a highly localized dose to the target volumes, with better healthy tissue sparing. Technological advances in cancer therapy have enabled multimodal treatment for NSCLC patients, improving survival. Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both Europe and the USA.
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